Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a serious vascular condition in which the arteries that supply blood to the kidneys become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow and potentially leading to hypertension (high blood pressure), kidney damage, and renal failure. If left untreated, RAS can result in life-threatening complications, including the need for dialysis.
At Vascular Surgery Associates, our expert vascular specialists in Los Angeles and Santa Monica provide advanced diagnostics and cutting-edge treatments to restore blood flow, manage hypertension, and protect kidney function.
Understanding Renal Artery Stenosis
Renal artery stenosis occurs when plaque buildup (atherosclerosis) or fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) causes narrowing in the renal arteries, limiting blood flow to the kidneys. The kidneys play a critical role in regulating blood pressure, so when blood flow is restricted, the body mistakenly signals for higher blood pressure, worsening the condition.
Symptoms of Renal Artery Stenosis
Early-stage renal artery stenosis often has no noticeable symptoms, making early diagnosis crucial. As the condition progresses, symptoms may include:
- Severe or uncontrolled high blood pressure that does not respond to medication
- Sudden worsening of previously stable blood pressure
- Decreased kidney function or abnormal blood tests
- Fluid retention and swelling in the legs
- Episodes of shortness of breath or chest pain
- Severe headaches or vision problems related to high blood pressure
Patients with severe hypertension or rapidly declining kidney function should be evaluated for renal artery stenosis as a potential cause.
Who is at Risk for Renal Artery Stenosis?
Certain medical conditions and lifestyle factors can increase the risk of developing renal artery stenosis:
Atherosclerosis
Hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to plaque buildup
High Blood Pressure
Puts extra stress on kidney arteries and circulation
Diabetes
Contributes to vascular damage and kidney disease progression
Smoking
Increases plaque buildup and worsens artery narrowing
High Cholesterol
Leads to the formation of arterial blockages over time
Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)
A condition that causes abnormal artery narrowing, often in younger patients
How is Renal Artery Stenosis Diagnosed?
At Vascular Surgery Associates, we use advanced imaging techniques to accurately diagnose renal artery stenosis and determine the severity of blockages:
Doppler Ultrasound
Non-invasive imaging that evaluates blood flow in the renal arteries
CT Angiography (CTA) & MR Angiography (MRA)
High-resolution scans that provide detailed images of the renal arteries
Catheter-Based Angiography
A minimally invasive procedure that uses contrast dye to map the narrowed or blocked renal arteries
Treatment Options for Renal Artery Stenosis
Our vascular specialists in Los Angeles and Santa Monica provide a range of minimally invasive and surgical treatments to restore blood flow and prevent kidney damage:
Medications and Lifestyle Modifications
- Blood pressure management through antihypertensive medications
- Cholesterol-lowering drugs to prevent further plaque buildup
- Dietary adjustments and smoking cessation to improve vascular health
Minimally Invasive Procedures
Renal Artery Angioplasty & Stenting
A balloon is used to widen the artery, and a stent is placed to keep it open
Catheter-Based Thrombolysis
Dissolves blood clots that may be blocking the renal artery
Surgical Bypass (For Severe Cases)
- A bypass graft is used to reroute blood flow around the blocked artery, restoring normal circulation
Our multidisciplinary approach ensures that each patient receives a customized treatment plan based on the severity of the condition and overall health status.
Frequently Asked Questions About Renal Artery Stenosis
If left untreated, severe renal artery stenosis can lead to kidney failure, stroke, and life-threatening high blood pressure. Early intervention is essential.
The kidneys require a steady blood supply to regulate blood pressure and filter waste. Blocked arteries can lead to progressive kidney damage.
While plaque buildup cannot be reversed, treatments such as angioplasty, stenting, and bypass surgery can significantly improve blood flow and kidney function.
The best treatment depends on the severity of the narrowing, but options range from medications to angioplasty or surgery for severe cases.
Quitting smoking, controlling cholesterol, managing diabetes, and maintaining a heart-healthy diet can significantly reduce the risk.
Dedicated to Excellence in Vascular Care Since 1963
Vascular Surgery Associates (VSA) has established itself as a cornerstone of vascular health in Southern California, combining decades of experience with cutting-edge treatment methods. Founded by visionary surgeons in 1963, our practice has grown from pioneering beginnings into one of the busiest and most respected vascular surgery groups in the Western United States.
Renal Artery Stenosis Specialists in Los Angeles and Santa Monica
If you have high blood pressure that is difficult to control or signs of declining kidney function, you may be at risk for renal artery stenosis. At Vascular Surgery Associates, our expert vascular specialists in Los Angeles and Santa Monica provide advanced diagnostics and cutting-edge treatment options to restore kidney blood flow and prevent serious complications.
Contact us today to schedule a consultation.