Venous Malformations

Understanding Venous Malformations – What Are They?

Venous malformations (VMs) are clusters of abnormal veins that lack the proper structure to regulate blood flow. Unlike varicose veins or spider veins, these malformations are present at birth and grow slowly over time. They can occur anywhere in the body, but are most common in the limbs, face, head, and neck.

Key Characteristics of Venous Malformations

• Present at birth but may not become noticeable until childhood or adolescence
• Do not resolve on their own and can enlarge over time
• Soft, compressible swelling that may increase with activity
• May cause pain, tenderness, or clot formation (phlebitis)
• Can affect surrounding muscles, nerves, and tissues

What Causes Venous Abnormalities?

Venous malformations are caused by genetic mutations that disrupt normal vein development during fetal growth. While most cases are isolated and occur sporadically, some are linked to hereditary conditions such as Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome or Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome.

Certain factors can cause venous malformations to grow or become symptomatic over time, including:

• Hormonal changes during puberty or pregnancy
• Trauma or injury to the affected area
• Blood clot formation (thrombosis) within the malformation
• Increased physical activity or prolonged standing

Symptoms of Venous Malformations – When to Seek Treatment

Venous malformations vary in severity, with some remaining asymptomatic and others causing chronic pain and functional impairment. Common symptoms include:

• Swelling or a spongy, bluish mass under the skin
• Pain, tenderness, or aching in the affected area
• Increased swelling with activity or prolonged standing
• Skin changes or ulceration in severe cases
• Blood clot formation (superficial thrombophlebitis), leading to inflammation and discomfort

If left untreated, large or deep venous malformations can affect muscles, nerves, and internal organs, leading to long-term complications.

Diagnosing Venous Malformations – Advanced Imaging for Accurate Assessment

At Vascular Surgery Associates, we use state-of-the-art imaging techniques to accurately diagnose venous malformations and develop customized treatment plans.

Early and precise diagnosis allows for the most effective treatment, minimizing complications and improving long-term outcomes.

Advanced Treatment Options from Vein Specialists in LA

At Vascular Surgery Associates, we offer minimally invasive and targeted therapies to manage venous malformations and alleviate symptoms.

Sclerotherapy – Targeted Vein Closure

Sclerotherapy is a first-line treatment for smaller venous malformations, using an injectable solution to seal off the abnormal veins and redirect blood flow to healthier vessels.

• Non-surgical and performed in-office
• Effective for superficial and moderately deep venous malformations
• Minimal recovery time with little to no downtime

Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA) – Minimally Invasive Treatment

EVLA uses laser energy to close malfunctioning veins, allowing the body to gradually absorb and eliminate the malformation.

• High success rate with minimal discomfort
• Best for deeper venous malformations
• Quick recovery with minimal side effects

Venous Embolization – Cutting-Edge Vascular Treatment

For larger or more complex venous malformations, embolization is an effective treatment that blocks abnormal veins using coils, glue, or other embolic agents.

• Minimally invasive, catheter-based procedure
• Performed under local anesthesia
• Ideal for deep-seated venous malformations in critical areas

Surgical Excision – Reserved for Severe Cases

For extensive venous malformations causing significant pain or dysfunction, surgical removal may be necessary.

• Best for large or symptomatic venous malformations that do not respond to other treatments
• Performed by experienced vascular specialists
• Typically combined with other minimally invasive techniques for optimal results